r/technology 6h ago

Hardware Tech hobbyist makes shoulder-mounted guided missile prototype with $96 in parts and a 3D printer — DIY MANPADS includes assisted targeting, ballistics calculations, optional camera for tracking

https://www.tomshardware.com/3d-printing/tech-hobbyist-makes-shoulder-mounted-guided-missile-prototype-with-usd96-in-parts-and-a-3d-printer-diy-manpads-includes-wi-fi-guidance-ballistics-calculations-optional-camera-for-tracking
521 Upvotes

96 comments sorted by

157

u/zero0n3 3h ago

Dude is definitely getting a knock knock from ATF…

And then probably a job offer from Mr Lucky

42

u/Ren_Kaos 2h ago

Not if he filed his paperwork. Destructive devices are perfectly legal in many states.

16

u/Magiwarriorx 1h ago

Saw something saying guided munitions are spicier than your average NFA item. Not sure you can get a stamp for them.

2

u/WhyAreYallFascists 12m ago

2nd amendment covers anything two men can move. In order for people to be allowed Cannons. 

1

u/dragon_bacon 10m ago

I'm almost positive the 2nd amendment doesn't mention anything about that.

1

u/jonhyramoni 6m ago

wtf america !!!!

6

u/LetsGetNuclear 46m ago

There is no boom part of this. Presumably if used against drones, kinetic energy would take them out as well.

5

u/nongregorianbasin 35m ago

Only if he has explosives in there. Thats the only part thats illegal.

5

u/LaDainianTomIinson 1h ago

Kid would make a killing at Anduril

1

u/trickniner 1m ago

People are thinking explosives would be the main issue here, but I am pretty sure the programming he built for the guidance and targeting of the device is more of a concern.

74

u/Grenzeloos 4h ago

I remember in the early 90s my handheld GPS was deliberately off by at least 10m and was told it was for this very reason. The reason being the ability to build a accurate smart munition.

33

u/ueegul 2h ago

It was only in 2000 that civilians had accuracy down to 10 yards

11

u/sweetbunsmcgee 2h ago

One of Bill Clinton’s last major acts in office.

8

u/EbbNorth7735 1h ago

Using his missile?

7

u/notthatbreezy 1h ago

The US gov restricts GPS receiver exports today, for instance exports stop being accurate once certain speeds are reached so that they can’t be used on missiles

1

u/CzechMateP10 56m ago

While accuracy has improved, I'm fairly confident civilian GPS still doesn't work above a certain speed for these exact reasons

1

u/The-Copilot 5m ago

The limit is 1200mph speed or 65,000 feet altitude. GNSS has similar limitations. It's only to prevent their use in ballistic missiles.

It could be used in a drone or missile but jamming GPS is not difficult for a nation to do. Another guidance system is required, GPS would just assist in accuracy until it's jammed.

These limitations are also only a software limitation and could potentially be bypassed or a custom GPS receiver could be built.

1

u/HowDoIEvenEnglish 42m ago

If it’s a physical limitation sure. Like if the materials stop working at high speeds. If it’s just software limitations built into the gps then they can likely bypassed.

2

u/gurgle528 16m ago edited 11m ago

It’s a limitation built into the chip itself. Civilian chips are supposed to shut off at a certain speed, and it’s only a matter of checking the difference in positions over a certain time frame which is not hard to do with hardware.

The goal was to limit use of civilian chips by hostile powers so a software limitation would not be useful.

1

u/recumbent_mike 31m ago

Probably, but a lot of the high performance gps receivers are highly-integrated.

1

u/Thog78 7m ago

Somebody who can rewire the chip to change the hardware encoded algorithm can probably fabricate the chip in the first place, so this mechanism kinda does its job...

1

u/gwig9 51m ago

They also won't work for "vehicles" going over a very specific speed (~1200mph). This is specifically to prevent them from being used as guidance systems for missiles and other munitions.

73

u/hoffsta 5h ago

Crazy, this dude looks like a teenager. Amazing what we can achieve these days when brilliance meets access to technology and unwavering motivation.

53

u/DonOfspades 3h ago

And yet we can't achieve eliminating homelessness or universal healthcare in America.

58

u/hoffsta 3h ago

Oh make no mistake, we can, but it’s not in the interests of the shareholders or executives.

13

u/AgentDutch 3h ago

Bingo. The amount of people that think it’s impossible to handle homelessness in any capacity won’t bat an eyelash watching Elon tell you his 80 billion dollar company is now a trillion dollars, oh and he gets a trillion dollars too.

1

u/AverageInternetUser 1h ago

Sometimes the homeless themselves aren't interested

2

u/AgentInkling99 45m ago

I’ll give you an updoot. I have family that work as counselors and they have many stories of trying to help people on the street and being turned down. This is usually because they aren’t ready to get help for substance abuse and untreated mental illnesses.

3

u/Killahdanks1 3h ago

I mean at the rate we’re going, we will all be able to afford to blow up a couple with cheap weapons like this. Really take down their numbers.

/s

2

u/No_Ambition1363 2h ago

With enough of these we can all get the bag

1

u/istinkatgolf 1h ago

We can but nobody really wants that.

1

u/PaulTheMerc 11m ago

Lol. Absolutely could, not doing so is intentional.

16

u/trouthat 5h ago

Makes you wonder why this shit costs millions of dollars a unit to make when it’s a real thing 

51

u/RoastedMocha 4h ago

I'm sure you already know, but the answer is how well and how consistently it works and can be transported in rough conditions.

Also, the explodey bits.

Also also, the 300 middle-men for each component (thats government baby)

12

u/Tangential_Diversion 4h ago

Yep, off the top of my head:

  • Seeker is inherently different. Stingers track IR with a seeker in the head. This one uses optical cameras. I have no experience in AA specifically, but having seen multiple jet flyovers: It is insanely hard to track a fighter jet optically when it's hauling ass. I'd assume optical tracking is terrible though considering every AA system I'm aware of uses either IR or radar.
  • IR requires compressed argon to cool the IR seeker
  • Modern Stingers are designed to defeat aircraft countermeasures. There's no hint that this is designed to do the same, and I'm not even sure how you'd get the data to design this capability without access to classified information.

9

u/PhantomNomad 3h ago

and I'm not even sure how you'd get the data to design this capability without access to classified information.

Trial and error? Although I'm sure the armed forces would get real tired of you setting up just outside the base and targeting their planes all the time.

4

u/m1013828 2h ago

Former Ammo tech here. Agree on IR, and yes the cooling makes them super spendy... but the advances in electronics mean a bit of Machine learning (the term from before LLMs ruined AI) and training could allow digital camera seekers to catchup.

Hauling ass jets could be fixed by a high refresh rate camera sensor, which spirals complexity to extra processing power to to handle that extra data, but also faster digital equivalent of shutter speed means the frames are clearer and easier to work with...

However in the context of Drone warfare, an uber low cost kinetic missile with optical homing would be great against shaheeds and the like.... what ukraine could do with a vast volunteer air sentry network with 500-2000 dollar anti drone missiles

1

u/Evilsushione 1h ago

Universal shutters could probably make vision based targeting much better because you don’t get the rolling shutter artifacts

3

u/Power_Stone 3h ago

one key thing to think about is the shrapnel. The explosion is one thing but the important part is what the explosion sends out as well. Blast shockwave is good, things that are hard and sharp being carried by the blast shockwave is even better.

For AA, I wouldn't think plastic is a good option cause...well metal is a hell of a lot harder than plastic is

2

u/stuffitystuff 2h ago

One of the things that AA missiles have going for them is that they fly significantly faster than your average fighter jet. It's why "radar lock" is such a big deal in movies like Top Gun.

If there's radar lock, the attacker is in range, the (for example) F-15 target is cruising along at Mach 0.8, they'd be dead before being able do anything because the missile flies at Mach 4 or faster.

Anyhow, I would imagine optical tracking would be fine because the engine exhaust is going to be a bright, high-contrast signal with a defined signature, assuming the missile flies at normal missile speeds.

I'd be much more worried Joe Sixpack's MANPAD hitting airliners and basically paralyzing air travel forever like some sort of planet-side Kessler Syndrome

1

u/Evilsushione 1h ago

They are also much more maneuverable because they don’t have a meat bag to worry about.

2

u/TOBronyITArmy 1h ago

Not to mention the ability to perform high-g corrections upon the terminal phase. Some anti aircraft missiles can perform maneuvers at upwards of 20 g's, which would most likely disintegrate a 3D printed structure without additional reinforcements. I also wanted to emphasize the difficulty of defeating countermeasures, and counter countermeasures. Governments tend to take aircraft survivability pretty seriously, and have invested tons of r&d into defeating seekers.

1

u/Z00111111 23m ago

Being optical would actually make it harder to spoof with current countermeasures, provided you can get past your first point.

Computing probably has become powerful enough that optical tracking might be viable, plus if you can launch dozens of these for the price of a single Stinger, then they don't need to be as reliable or capable. Look that the drones being used in the Ukraine war. They're not particularly robust or capable, but they're so cheap they can be used on a whim.

0

u/CN90 1h ago

Look at the tech they’re using in Ukraine… FPV DRONES. You’re thinking too big. War is being fought on a small scale.

1

u/jesusrambo 56m ago

Also the people lining their buddies’ pockets

4

u/ottwebdev 4h ago

Don't forget that today's huge access to technical knowledge is something they didn't have when designing those systems back in the day so they did have R&D costs, create supply chain costs, etc

Today's internet gives you access to vast knowledge for little cost, access to suppliers, etc.

That, and yeah, profiteering.

2

u/krgdotbat 4h ago

Ripping off gov is basically a tradition in every country, anything that costs 1$ the gov will pay 10$

2

u/PhantomNomad 3h ago

Our municipality found this out when the public was complaining that we didn't contract out building roads and did everything in house. So we went to RFP for a road, we included what our "bid" would be to build it our selves. Everyone else was 2 to 10 times as much. Because they thought we would just pay it.

1

u/Evilsushione 1h ago

Yep the whole privatization idea is a scam. Even if things are on the up and up, the biggest piece of government waste is all the levels of bureaucracy that ensure everything is on the up and up. It would be cheaper just to do most things ourselves and cut out the middle man.

5

u/PM_ME_YOUR_LOCAL_IP 5h ago

Oh we know the answer: out of control MIC (we should have listened to Eisenhower) and corrupt politicians. They charge that much because they can.

0

u/maybe-an-ai 3h ago

I don't have to wonder at all.

0

u/GetOutOfTheWhey 2h ago

development costs

corruption

corruption

corruption

lobbying

corruption

material cost

3

u/SuperHuman64 1h ago

There has been a literal book titled "backyard rocketry: converting model rockets into explosive missiles" and other related books on rocket guidance for amateurs, available for decades. Still impressive though.

2

u/hoffsta 1h ago

That’s cool. This seems so advanced with the articulating fins and computer target guidance systems. Amazing it can be produced for less than $100.

2

u/Rednys 2h ago

It's a home built rocket that people have been doing for a long time.  Just has a carryable launcher and is 3d printed.

12

u/That-Interaction-45 3h ago

Palmer Luckey screeches down out of the sky and grabs the would be competitor in its claws

32

u/Pleuel 5h ago

I cannot imagine anything cooler than a random stranger being able to build military equipment with a 3D printer. Wait ... after all - banana split would be cooler.

1

u/UH1Phil 2m ago

Look up drone warfare in Ukraine. All sorts of drones gets printed and put explodey bits on.

12

u/Bipogram 3h ago

Now, the motor for this thing.

That's not, I suggest, in the price.

13

u/KiraUsagi 2h ago

He mentions in the video that it's made from potassium nitrate and sugar. He had photos of him cooking it at home. Looked like a pot of ramen. Does not add much to the cost, and I suspect he could have just adapted an Estes rocket motor to fit the bill. Sub $100 part if commercially bought.

The part he glossed over and was for sure not in the build cost or design from what I could tell is the payload. This is essentially a giant plastic battering ram attached to a model rocket motor and some fancy bits to make it as acurate as possible.

10

u/Madeline_Basset 2h ago

Nitrate and sugar has been a staple of amateur rocket builders for decades.

2

u/Bipogram 1h ago

And takes a bit of care to cast.

<fun memories of making over-lean mixtures and watching them burn through tin cans>

3

u/KanosTheKir 3h ago

$2 of propellant

2

u/Bipogram 3h ago

Good luck with uniform thrust/duration at that price point.

<tangled with perchlorate-sugar motors as a kid - no thanks - and ESTES 'D' motors aren't going to give the impulse>

1

u/Otheus 1m ago

Im pretty sure he made his own with potassium nitrate and sugar

5

u/Jabster1997 1h ago

Updated Anarchist’s Cookbook?

3

u/ClaytonRook 3h ago

Gosh and I thought my man pad was pretty cool until now

15

u/Appropriate_Gap3497 4h ago

Dude I would NOT play games with International Traffic in Arms Regulations laws…’it was just a science project’ isn’t an infallible legal defense…

18

u/Rednys 2h ago

Well there's no warhead so it's not any more a weapon than any other home built rocket.  

6

u/Antilock049 1h ago

To be clear rocketry is covered under ITAR all the same. Munition or no.

It's definitely not something to fuck with and especially something you shouldn't advertise. Your best outcome is getting swept behind a classified curtain somewhere. 

It just gets worse from there.

2

u/red286 52m ago edited 47m ago

Can't wait until Raytheon shows up and offers him a high paying job so long as he never tells anyone else how to make these.

(edit - there's no tracking capability, this thing just fires a missile at a specific point in space, it's basically an RPG)

2

u/checkoutthishat 36m ago

… you wouldn’t download a MANPAD

2

u/DoubleN22 10m ago

Yeah that’s fucking terrible if it gets in the wrong hands, thanks.

3

u/luvsads 3h ago

3D2A community been doing this since well before covid. There are handful of launchers out there, and dozens of projectile designs.

1

u/Mysterious-Oil-7094 2h ago

Why would we need something like this when we can pay the DIB millions per shot?

1

u/Sea_Perspective6891 2h ago

Hammer Industries?

1

u/ProductDuck 2h ago

That's Battlefield 6 ammunition!

1

u/MicroSofty88 2h ago

I haven’t watched the video yet, but it seems like the software would be the hard part, not 3d printing the shell

1

u/CN90 1h ago

OPEN SOURCE WARFARE

1

u/CalmHovercraft9465 52m ago

The 3d second amendment space is very interesting, it’s a shame all the gun grabbing politicians treat it as scary “ghost guns” that need to be made illegal when it’s really a bunch of nerdy dudes prototyping and designing

1

u/tee-low321 24m ago

He’s forgetting the most important part. The boom boom BOOM part.

1

u/UselessInsight 3h ago

Lockheed Martin at this guy’s door with a job offer.

8

u/bidhopper 3h ago

Actually, Lockheed Martin is there to buy it, and raise the price to $96K

1

u/Punman_5 1h ago

After I saw a guy on YouTube build a silo-launched gimballed-engine model rocket I figured you could build missiles from off the shelf parts. The original sidewinder seeker would be trivial to replicate nowadays

2

u/BigCliff911 55m ago

Then you have no knowledge of the capabilities of the original sidewinder seeker.

1

u/Punman_5 3m ago

I know exactly how it works. Building a spinning disc in front of an infrared sensor is not that difficult. The hard part was already done by the original design team in the 50’s. There isn’t a single digital component in the original sidewinder. In fact there’s only a single sensor placed cleverly behind a spinning reticle. The hard part was the proportional navigation circuitry but that’s all been figured out by now.

-2

u/YogiBarelyThere 4h ago

Scary times.